Reach of technology

Fracture is a partial or complete breakage, crack or bend of a bone. There are many causes namely direct force and indirect force. When the bone breaks at the spot of application of the force for e.g. bullet passing into bone, severe fall on a projecting stone or a wheel passing over the body then such a type of a fracture is caused by direct force. When the bone breaks away from the spot of application of force for e.g. color bone fracture when the fall is on outstretch hands then it is said to be caused by indirect force. Force of muscular action occurs when there is violent contraction a group of muscles his happens very rarely for e.g. fracture of ribs on violent coughs this also comes under indirect force. Now coming to the types of fracture there are three types namely, simple of closed fracture compound of open fracture and complicated fracture. If the broken ends of the bone do not cut open the skin and show on the outside then it is called simple fracture. When the fractured bone is in contact with outside air as a result of an injury then it is called as open fracture. In addition to the fracture, an important internal organ like the brain or a major blood vessel, the spinal cord, lung, liver, spleen etc., may also be injured. Furthermore a complicated fracture may be simple or compound. The other types of fractures are impacted depressed and green stick. Some of the symptoms of fracture are pain at the spot of fracture and/or around it. Swelling of the area and discoloration. Loss of normal movement of the part. Deformity of limb etc. Here the limb may lose its normal shape and tenderness.

People who live far enough north, around 70 degrees north latitude or far enough south, about 70 degree south latitude can see some spectacular sights and displays in the sky on clear nights. Beautiful, large sheets of light seem to hang in the sky during the nights. The light flickers like shades of colors from frosty white to pale green and pink. A crackling sound usually accompanies them, and some people describe them as giant fireworks display. In the northern hemisphere these are called aurora borealis. And in the southern they are aurora australis. The best displays of auroras can be seen in the Hudson Bay, region of Canada, northern Scotland, southern parts of Sweden and Norway, South Australia and Sri lanka. It is believed that these lights are inside earth atmosphere, but what causes them to come through the space from the sun? Edmond Halley, the English astronomer proved way back in 1716 that there is a relationship between the earth’s magnetic field and these lights. The north and south magnetic field of the earth are like the ends of a big magnet. They attract particles of energy from the sun. These particles collide with other particles in the earth’s atmosphere, and produce sparks of shivering lights. All the fusion activities are taking place in the sun which is a hot ball of fire. Whenever there are many sun spots seen on the sun, the number of charged particles coming out from it is larger and some fireworks colored auroras are seen when this happens.